Ano ang ibig sabihin ng humingi ng tawad sa Panginoon?

Lagi ba Niya tayong pinapatawad? Awtomatiko ba Niya tayong pinapatawad? Kung ginagawa Niya, bakit nagtatanong? At, talaga, ano ang ibig sabihin ng pagpapatawad Niya?

Tingnan natin kung ano ang sinasabi ng Bibliya tungkol dito.

Ang isang bagay ay sinabihan tayo na humingi ng kapatawaran sa Panginoon. Narito ang dalawang halimbawa ng mga sipi:

- "Kung magkagayo'y susunugin ng saserdote sa ibabaw ng dambana, ayon sa mga handog na pinaraan sa apoy sa Panginoon. Sa gayo'y tutubusin ng saserdote ang kaniyang kasalanan na kaniyang nagawa, at siya'y patatawarin." (Levitico 4:35)

- "Sa ganitong paraan, kung gayon, manalangin.... At patawarin mo kami sa aming mga utang, gaya ng pagpapatawad namin sa mga may utang sa amin.” (Mateo 6:9-12)

Pangalawa, medyo malinaw na dapat tayong magpatawad para mapatawad:

- "Sapagkat kung patatawarin ninyo ang mga tao sa kanilang mga kasalanan, patatawarin din kayo ng inyong Ama sa langit. Ngunit kung hindi ninyo patatawarin ang mga tao sa kanilang mga kasalanan, hindi rin patatawarin ng inyong Ama ang inyong mga kasalanan." (Mateo 6:14, 15)

- "At nagalit ang kaniyang panginoon, at ibinigay siya sa mga nagpapahirap hanggang sa mabayaran niya ang lahat ng nararapat sa kaniya. Gayon din ang gagawin sa inyo ng aking Ama sa langit kung ang bawat isa sa inyo, mula sa kanyang puso, ay hindi magpapatawad sa kanyang kapatid sa kanyang mga kasalanan.” (Mateo 18:34, 35)

- "Huwag humatol, at hindi ka hahatulan. Huwag mong hatulan, at hindi ka hahatulan. Magpatawad, at patatawarin ka." (Lucas 6:37)

Pangatlo, makikita natin na ang Panginoon ay handang magpatawad:

- "Sapagka't Ikaw, Panginoon, ay mabuti, at handang magpatawad, at sagana sa awa sa lahat ng tumatawag sa Iyo." (Salmo 86:5)

- "Kaya't sinasabi ko sa iyo, ang kaniyang mga kasalanan, na marami, ay pinatawad, sapagka't siya'y nagmahal ng lubos. Ngunit kung kanino pinatawad ng kaunti, kaunti rin ang nagmamahal." (Lucas 7:47)

- "At nang siya ay makapagsimulang magbayad, ay dinala sa kaniya ang isa na may utang sa kaniya ng sampung libong talento. At ang panginoon ng aliping iyon ay nahabag, pinalaya siya, at pinatawad ang utang." (Mateo 18:24, 27)

- "At nang dumating sila sa lugar na tinatawag na Kalbaryo, doon nila Siya ipinako sa krus, at ang mga kriminal, isa sa kanan at isa sa kaliwa. Pagkatapos ay sinabi ni Jesus, 'Ama, patawarin mo sila, sapagkat hindi nila alam ang kanilang ginagawa.'" (Lucas 23:33, 34)

Narito ang ilang bagong turo ng Simbahan na batay sa mga talatang ito ng Bibliya.

1. Ang Panginoon ay hindi nag-iingat ng isang ledger (na magandang balita para sa ating lahat!). Tingnan ang sipi na ito mula sa "True Christian Religion":

"Ang Panginoon, bilang kahabagan, ay nagpapatawad sa bawa't isa sa kaniyang mga kasalanan, at hindi hinahatulan kahit isa sa mga iyon laban sa isang tao. ay inalis); sapagkat nang tanungin ni Pedro kung ilang beses niya dapat patawarin ang kanyang mga pagkakasala sa kanyang kapatid, kung hanggang pitong beses, sinabi ng Panginoon: 'Hindi hanggang pitong ulit, sinasabi ko sa iyo, kundi hanggang pitumpu't pitong ulit,' (Mateo 18:21-22). Ano ang hindi gagawin ng Panginoon?" (Totoong Relihiyong Kristiyano 539)

2. Ang pagpapatawad ay isang proseso. Maaari mong isipin ito bilang isang loop. Mayroong dalawang yugto: "pagiging handang magpatawad" at isang "pagdating upang mapatawad". Ito ay mahusay na inilarawan sa mga sumusunod na sipi mula sa dalawa sa mga teolohikong gawa ni Swedenborg:

"Ang karamihan sa loob ng simbahan ay nag-iisip na ang kapatawaran ng mga kasalanan ay nagsasangkot ng pagpupunas at paghuhugas sa kanila, tulad ng pag-alis ng dumi sa pamamagitan ng tubig, at pagkatapos ng kapatawaran ang mga tao ay lumilibot na malinis at dalisay. pananampalataya lamang. Ngunit alamin na ang sitwasyon na may kapatawaran ng mga kasalanan ay ganap na naiiba mula doon. Bilang Awa mismo, ang Panginoon ay nagpapatawad sa lahat ng kanilang mga kasalanan. Gayunpaman, hindi sila mapapatawad maliban kung ang tao ay taimtim na nagsisi, umiiwas sa kasamaan , at pagkatapos nito ay namumuhay ng pananampalataya at pag-ibig sa kapwa, ginagawa ito hanggang sa katapusan ng kanyang buhay. Kapag nangyari ito, ang tao ay tumatanggap ng espirituwal na buhay mula sa Panginoon, na tinatawag na bagong buhay. Pagkatapos kapag kasama nitong bagong buhay ay tinitingnan niya ang kasamaan ng kanyang dating buhay, tumalikod sa kanila, at kinasusuklaman sila, ang kanyang mga kasamaan sa unang pagkakataon ay napatawad na. Sapagkat ang tao ay pinananatili na ngayon sa mga katotohanan at anyo ng kabutihan ng Panginoon at pinipigilan ang mga kasamaan. Ito ay nagpapakita kung ano ang kapatawaran ng mga kasalanan ay, at hindi ito maaaring mangyari sa loob ng isang oras, o sa loob ng isang taon." (Arcana Coelestia 9014:3)

"Ang isa pang pagkakamali ng kapanahunan ay ang pag-aakalang kapag ang mga kasalanan ay pinatawad na ang mga ito ay aalisin din.... Gayunpaman, kapag ang panukalang ito ay binaligtad, ito ay nagiging katotohanan, ibig sabihin na kapag ang mga kasalanan ay naalis na, ang mga ito ay pinatawad din. Sapagkat ang pagsisisi ay nauuna sa kapatawaran, at maliban sa pagsisisi ay walang kapatawaran.... Pinapatawad ng Panginoon ang lahat ng tao sa kanilang mga kasalanan. Hindi siya nag-aakusa o nagpaparatang. Ngunit hindi pa rin Niya maaalis ang mga kasalanang iyon maliban sa alinsunod sa mga batas ng Kanyang Banal na pangangalaga." (Banal na Patnubay 280)

3. Hindi natin kailangang manalangin para sa kapatawaran. (Teka, ano?) Ito ay kawili-wili. Sa Panalangin ng Panginoon, na itinuro ni Jesus, tayo ay nananalangin para sa kapatawaran. Ngunit basahin ang sipi na ito mula sa "True Christian Religion":

"Mayroong dalawang obligasyon sa isa pagkatapos ng pagsusuri sa sarili: panalangin at pagtatapat. Ang panalangin ay dapat na kahabagan ng Panginoon, bigyan ng kapangyarihang labanan ang kasamaan na pinagsisihan ng isa, at ibigay ang hilig at pagmamahal sa paggawa ng mabuti, dahil kung wala Siya ang isang tao ay hindi makakagawa ng anuman (Juan 15:5)…. May dalawang dahilan kung bakit hindi dapat ihandog sa Panginoon ang panalangin para sa kapatawaran ng mga kasalanan. Una, dahil ang mga kasalanan ay hindi napawi, ngunit inaalis; at ito ay nangyayari habang ang isa ay huminto sa kanila at nagsimula ng isang bagong buhay. Sapagkat mayroong hindi mabilang na pananabik na nakakabit tulad ng isang kumpol sa paligid ng bawat kasamaan; ang mga ito ay hindi maaaring alisin sa isang iglap, ngunit isa-isa lamang, habang ang isang tao ay nagpapahintulot sa kanyang sarili na mabago at muling buuin. Ang ikalawang dahilan ay dahil ang Panginoon, bilang awa mismo, ay nagpapatawad sa bawat isa sa kanyang mga kasalanan, at hindi hinahatulan kahit isa sa mga iyon laban sa isang tao." (Totoong Relihiyong Kristiyano 539)

Kaya, ano ang dapat nating ipagdasal? Ang punto ay medyo banayad. Ang nakikita ko sa talata sa itaas ay hindi natin kailangang manalangin para sa kapatawaran, per se, bilang bahagi ng proseso ng pagsisisi, dahil sa prosesong iyon ay nanalangin na tayo para sa awa at kapangyarihang gumawa ng mas mahusay. Ito ang mga bagay na talagang hinihiling natin kapag nananalangin tayo para sa kapatawaran. Ang paghingi sa Panginoon na patawarin tayo ay kumikilos ayon sa hitsura. Ito ay isang kapaki-pakinabang na ehersisyo, kaya naman iniutos ito ng Panginoon sa titik ng Salita, ngunit ang mas malalim na katotohanan ay hindi tayo kailanman naging anumang bagay kundi pinatawad sa Kanyang mga mata, at kung tayo ay talagang mapapatawad o hindi ay nasa atin na. , hindi Siya.

Summing up...

Ang pagiging pinatawad ng Diyos ay palaging may kinalaman sa isang aksyon sa ating bahagi. Sa Lumang Tipan, ang mga tao ay kinakailangang magsakripisyo. Sa Bagong Tipan, ginulat ni Jesus ang mga tao, itinuro na kailangan nilang magpatawad sa iba -- maraming beses. At ngayon dito, makikita natin na ang sarili nating (mahirap) na gawain ng pagsisisi ang kailangan din nating dalhin para maisara ang loop.

So the bottomline is that there are two levels of being forgiven by the Lord: ours and His. Lagi tayong pinapatawad ng Panginoon. (Kung tungkol sa Kanyang Mismo, hindi tayo kailanman napapatawad.) Ngunit hindi talaga tayo napapatawad hangga't hindi natin ginagawa ang ating bahagi sa proseso; iyon ang nagpapahintulot sa pagpapatawad na dumaloy sa paligid ng loop.

[Ang artikulong ito ay iniakma para gamitin dito mula sa isang presentasyon noong Nobyembre 2023 ni Rev. Jared Buss.]

279. 3. To the extent that our evils are set aside, they are forgiven. One currently popular misconception is that our evils are taken from us and discarded when they are forgiven, and that the state of our life can be changed instantly, even totally reversed, so that we become good instead of evil. This would be leading us out of hell and transporting us instantly into heaven, all by some direct mercy of the Lord.

However, people who hold this kind of belief or thought have no idea whatever of what evil and good really are or what the state of our own life is. They are utterly unaware that the feelings of our volition are simply shifts and changes of state of the purely organic substances of our minds, that the thoughts of our discernment are simply shifts and changes of their forms, and that memory is the ongoing effect of these changes. This enables us to see clearly that evil can be taken away only gradually and that the forgiveness of evil is not the same as its removal. This, though, is presenting the ideas in condensed form. If they are not explained at greater length, they can be recognized but not grasped; and if they are not grasped, that is like a wheel that we turn by hand. I need to explain these propositions, then, one at a time in the order just given.

[2] (a) One currently popular misconception is that our evils are taken from us and discarded when they are forgiven. I have been taught in heaven that no evil that we are born with or that we ourselves adopt by our behavior is taken completely away from us. Evils are set aside so that they are no longer visible. Like so many other people in this world, I used to believe that when our evils are forgiven they are thrown away just as dirt is rinsed and washed away from our faces by water. That is not what it is like with our evils or sins, though. They are all still there, and when they are forgiven after we have repented, they are moved from the center to the sides. Whatever is in the middle is right in front of our eyes and seems to be out in broad daylight. What is off to the sides seems to be in the shade, or at times, even in the dark of night. Since our evils are not taken completely away, then, but are only displaced or put off to the side, and since we can be transported from the center to the boundaries, it can happen that we once again get involved in evils we thought we had left behind. It is part of our own nature that we can move from one desire to another, and sometimes into an opposite one. This means that we can move from one center to another. A desire determines our center as long as we are caught up in it. Then we are absorbed in its pleasure and its light.

[3] There are some people who are raised into heaven by the Lord after death because they have lived good lives but who bring with them a belief that they are free and clean from sins and therefore wholly without guilt. At first they are given white robes that reflect this belief, since white robes portray a state of having been purified from evils. Later, though, they begin to think the way they did in the world, to think that they have been washed clean from all evil; so they boast that they are no longer sinners like everyone else. It is almost impossible to separate this from a kind of mental "high" that includes a measure of looking down on others. So at this point, in order to free them from the faith they imagine they have, they are sent down from heaven and back into the evils they had fallen prey to in the world. This shows them that they have inherited evils that they had not known about before. This brings them to admit that their evils have not been taken away from them but only set aside, and that they themselves are still unclean, and in fact nothing but evil; that it is the Lord who is protecting them from their evils and keeping them focused on those good qualities; and that all this seems to be their own doing. Once this has happened, the Lord brings them back up into heaven.

[4] (b) A second popular misconception is that the state of our life can be changed instantly, so that we become good instead of evil. This would be leading us out of hell and transporting us instantly into heaven, all by some direct mercy of the Lord. This is the misconception of people who separate charity from faith and attribute salvation to faith alone. That is, they think that the mere thought and utterance of a statement of that faith, performed with trust and confidence, will justify and save them. Many of them also think that this can happen instantaneously, either before the hour of death or as it approaches. They cannot avoid believing that the state of our life can be changed in an instant and that we can be saved by direct mercy. We shall see in the last section of this book, though, that the Lord's mercy does not operate in this direct way, that we cannot become good instead of evil in an instant and be led out of hell and transported into heaven except by the ongoing efforts of divine providence from our infancy to the end of our lives.

At this point we may rest the case simply on the fact that all the laws of divine providence are aimed at our reformation, and therefore at our salvation, which means inverting the hellish state into which we are born into its opposite, a heavenly state. This can be done only gradually as we move away from evil and its pleasure and move into what is good and its pleasure.

[5] (c) People who hold this kind of belief have no idea whatever of what evil and good really are. They do not really know that evil is the pleasure we find in the urge to act and think in violation of the divine pattern, and that goodness is the pleasure we feel when we act and think in harmony with the divine pattern. They do not realize that there are thousands of individual impulses that go to make up any particular evil, and that there are thousands of individual impulses that go to make up any particular good tendency. These thousands of impulses are so precisely structured and so intimately interconnected within us that no single one of them can be changed without changing all the rest at the same time.

If people are unaware of this, they can entertain the belief or the thought that an evil that seems to be all by itself can be set aside easily and that something good that also seems to be all by itself can be brought in to replace it. Since they do not know what good and evil are, they cannot help thinking that there are such things as instantaneous salvation and direct mercy. The last section of this book will show that this is not possible.

[6] (d) People who believe in instantaneous salvation and direct mercy are utterly unaware that the feelings of our volition are simply changes of state of the purely organic substances of our minds, that the thoughts of our discernment are simply changes and shifts of their forms, and that memory is the ongoing effect of those changes and shifts. Once someone mentions it, everyone will realize that feelings and thoughts can happen only with substances and their forms as subjects. Since they happen in our brains, which are full of substances and forms, we say that these forms are purely organic. If we think rationally, we cannot help laughing at the wild idea that feelings and thoughts do not happen in substantial subjects but are breezes affected by warmth and light, like illusions seen in the air or the ether. In fact, thought can no more happen apart from its substantial form than sight can happen apart from its substantial form, the eye, or hearing from its ear, or taste from its tongue. Look at the brain and you will see countless substances and fibers, and nothing there that is not structured. What need is there of more proof than this visual one?

[7] Just what is this "feeling," though, and just what is this "thought"? We can figure this out by looking at the body overall and in detail. There are many internal organs there, all set in their own places, all carrying out their functions by shifts and changes in their states and forms. We know that they are occupied with their tasks. The stomach has its task, the intestines have theirs, the kidneys have theirs, the liver, pancreas, and spleen have theirs, and the heart and lungs have theirs. All of them are inwardly activated solely for their tasks, and this inward activation happens by shifts and changes of their states and forms.

This leads us to the conclusion that the workings of the purely organic substances of the mind are no different, except that the workings of the organic substances of the body are physical and the workings of the organic substances of the mind are spiritual. The two act as a unity by means of responsiveness [to each other].

[8] There is no way to offer visual evidence of the nature of the shifts and changes of state and form of the organic substances of the mind, the shifts and changes that constitute our feelings and thoughts. We can see them in a kind of mirror, though, if we look at the shifts and changes of state of our lungs in the acts of speech and singing. There is a parallelism, since the sounds of speech and song as well as the differentiations of sound that make the words of speech and the melodies of song are produced by the lungs. The sound itself answers to our feeling and the language to our thought. That is what causes them; and it is accomplished by shifts and changes of the state and form of the organic substances in our lungs, from the lungs into the trachea or windpipe in the larynx and glottis, then in the tongue, and finally in our lips.

The first shifts and changes of state and form of sound happen in the lungs, the second in the trachea and larynx, the third in the glottis by opening its aperture in various ways, the fourth by the tongue by touching the palate and teeth in various places, and the fifth by our lips through taking different shapes. We can see from this that both the sound and its modifications that constitute speech and song are produced solely by sequential and constant shifts and changes in the states of these organic forms.

Since the only source of sound and speech is our mental feelings and thoughts — that is where they come from, and there is no other source — we can see that the feelings of our volition are shifts and changes of state of the purely organic substances of our minds, and that the thoughts of our discernment are shifts and changes of the forms of those substances, just the way it happens in our lungs.

[9] Further, since our feelings and thoughts are simply changes of state of the forms of our minds, it follows that our memory is nothing but their ongoing effect. It is characteristic of all the shifts and changes of state in organic substances that once they have been learned they do not disappear. So the lungs are trained to produce various sounds in the trachea and to modify them in the glottis, articulate them with the tongue, and shape them with the mouth; and once these organs have been trained to do these things, the actions are ingrained and can be repeated.

Material presented in Divine Love and Wisdom 119-204 [Divine Love and Wisdom 199-204] shows that the shifts and changes in the organic substances of the mind are infinitely more perfect than those in the body. There it is explained that all processes of perfection increase and rise by and according to levels. There is more on the subject in 319 below.